The Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On Health - 884 Words

Cigarette smoking remains the chief cause of none communicable disease and death in the United States. Each year, cigarette smoking is responsible for an estimated 480 million deaths and more than 8 million smoking-related illnesses (CDC, 2014). It is accountable for total costs nearing 170 billion dollars in direct medical expense and work lost productivity (2014). Although it is true that smoking adversely affects health, there are more than 4 million adults reported as active smokers. In many cases, nicotine addiction began in their adolescent years. The Center for Disease Control has estimated a prevention of 1 million deaths per year and 2 million due to tobacco control and programs shifting the leading cause of death or prevalence onto the youth (quote). Despite the benefits of tobacco control policies such as the excise tax, the nicotine epidemic among adolescents continues to proliferate. The moderately cigarette excise tax increases, increasing tax rate the debate remains as to which prevention policy supports a reduction in tobacco use and exposure. This trend is alarming both at an individual level and at the societal level. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention the tobacco use 2000-2004 resulted in 60,000 total reported cases and 123 related fatalities (2.2 per 1,000 cases). This outbreak was a lack of smoking control access in an underserved population with 88% of deaths occurring in individuals who had a history of smoking. In 2008, the CDCShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes On The Health Of Smokers2174 Words   |  9 PagesTobacco smoke attitudes are a significant risk not only to the health of smokers but to those who involuntary inhale the tobacco smoke of others. Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer and heart disease. Smoking cigarettes is a proven factor in raising the risk of having a heart attack, stroke disease, broncho-pulmonary diseases and poses risks in pregnancy to the unborn child. Tobacco smoking r aises overall medical costs, decreases life expectancy and adds to loss of efficiency during the lifetimeRead MoreThe Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal1494 Words   |  6 PagesThe production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal Stanislav Philippov Writing 5 Peggy Armstrong November 18, 2011 The production and sale of cigarettes not only has negative impact on human health, it can even cause death. This is the main reason why the production and sale of cigarettes must be prohibited. It’s obviously a big issue today, some people, mostly non smokers, are against smoking altogether, while other people think that everybody has to have the right to buyRead MoreBans on Smoking in Public Areas1476 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause of smoking each year! Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Each year more than 480,000 people die because of smoking. This is just one of the many reasons why I believe that cigarette smoking should be banned in public areas. I will argue this point in three ways. First, I will argue that the health effects of smoking are so harmful that cigarettes should not be allowed in public areas. Next, I will argue that the negative effects go beyond just health, but to theRead MoreSmoking Cigarettes Is A Best Choice For Everyon e870 Words   |  4 Pagesnever disappear from our life. Smoking cigarettes is a thing that gives us nothing except a huge negative effect, not only people smoking, but also people around smokers. There is many diseases such as cancer, respiratory illness, digestive disease, heart disease, caused by it, and many people died because of these diseases. People know quit smoking, we call it smoking cessation, is a best choice for everyone; however, it is very difficult thing because cigarettes are highly addictive, and also ourRead MoreAnalysis On Reduced Nicotine Content For Cigarettes1171 Words   |  5 PagesKatherine Kim Health Psychology Paper Option A November 18, 2015 Analysis on Reduced-Nicotine Content for Cigarettes Smoking is a major problem concerning public health. It comes with many side effects that affect not only the smoker, but also victims of secondhand smoke and even thirdhand smoke. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide that affects at least 6 million people a year. Previous research has shown that smokers die an average of 15 years earlier than non-smokers. EricRead MoreShould Cigarette Smoking Be Banned?925 Words   |  4 Pages1003 April 22, 2015 Ban smoking in the United States Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of diseases and premature death in the United States (U.S.), yet more than 45 million Americans still smoke cigarettes. The health threat posed by tobacco has been accepted by scientists since the 17th century. In 1928, studies linked smoking to cancer. In 1964, the first Surgeon General’s report on cigarette smoking summarized the evidence that tobacco poses serious health risks for those who useRead MoreEac Research Paper. â€Å"Where There’S Smoke, There’S Fire!†1085 Words   |  5 Pagesfire!† Smoking can be very detrimental to one’s health, something about which many of us Saudi smokers are either unaware of or do not care. Furthermore, numerous men in my country use cigarettes, and some of us have smoked from a young age. Smoking can cause many problems for people of any age, even if they do not utilize tobacco themselves. Frequently, death, doom and destruction are what come to people’s minds when cigarettes come to mind. I have personally witnessed the evils of smoking, someRead MoreWhy Smoking Should Be Banned884 Words   |  4 Pagespeople smoke? Is smoking really healthy for them? How much does it cost an individual to smoke? What are the costs to society when people smoke? These are all questions that can easily be taken care of by banning cigarette smoking. It is really a disgusting sight to see a woman with a cigarette hanging out of her mouth. It is equally bad to see children with smoking cigarettes. B. Cigarette smoking should be banned, not only in restaurants but everywhere. When someone smokes cigarettes it affects theRead MoreA History of Tobacco and Smoking in America1174 Words   |  5 PagesEvery year cigarette smoking is responsible for 500,000 premature deaths (Nugel), you do not want to be just another statistic, do you? America’s first cash crop was tobacco. That means that tobacco has been around for a really long time. It was not until 1865, though, that cigarettes were sold commercially. They were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War (Dowshen). From then, cigarettes spread like wildfire, and it was not until 1964 that anyone made a stand about the negative effects of tobaccoRead MoreEffects Of Smoking Essay946 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Smoking has become a usual thing in our culture of recent. A person with a cigarette, E-Cigarette, Hookahs and Weed Cigarettes has become the norm in our society: we can see them on the streets, actors smoke in movies, there are also book characters who smoke, we have relatives, friends or someone we look up to who smoke. Starting as mainly as a part of a religious ritual a long time ago, smoking has become a routine thing for us in recent times, not giving thoughts to the many effects of smoking

Ulysses S Grant Essay - 1572 Words

Ulysses S Grant Although Ulysses S. Grants contemporaries placed him in the highest position of great Americans along with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, the twentieth century has seen him fade. His presidency has been almost universally condemned, and he is consistently ranked second to rock bottom Warren G. Harding in polls of historians to rate the presidents. Although his military reputation has declined as well, it nevertheless continues to win him a steady following. Even his most faithful admirers, however, tend to end their studies conveniently at Appomattox, and one senses a wide regret that Grants public career extended beyond the Civil War. Taking note of this trend, John Y. Simon observes that some biographers†¦show more content†¦His veto of the Inflation Act of 1874 and subsequent drive for what became the Resumption Act of 1875 shocked many who looked to Congress to cure the nations economic ills, and the panic of 1873 came to an abrupt end when the act went into effect in 1879. The successful arbitration of the Alabama and Virginus disputes mark not only foreign policy victories for the United States, but a significant precursor to the future course of international affairs. The establishment of the principle of the international arbitration through the Treaty of Washington, would later be embodied in the Hague Tribun al, the League of Nations, the World Court, and the United Nations. Grants desire for peace was evident to me from the beginning of my research, but I did not realize how far-reaching it was until I noted the steadiness and rectitude he displayed throughout the presidential electoral crisis of 1876-77, which could have become a disaster. Also remarkable to me was Grants Quaker Indian Peace Policy: on the eve of what could have become the complete genocide of the American Indian, Grant acted decisively to begin two decades of reform that for the first time promoted the welfare of Indians as individuals and broke ground for their eventual citizenship. However important these issues may seem, the traditional evaluation of Grant as presidentShow MoreRelated Ulysses S. Grant Essay948 Words   |  4 Pages Ulysses S. Grant lived an interesting life. He gave so much to this country. His life was exciting and he lived in many different places, from small houses to a house given by people to the white house. From saving the blacks from more slavery to giving the U.S. bad years from presidency. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ulysses S. Grant was an American general and the 18th president of the U.S. (Williams 53).Grant was born in point pleasant, Ohio, on April 27 ,1822, the son os Hannah SimpsonRead More Ulysses S. Grant Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pages Ulysses S. Grant   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On April 27, 1822 a boy was born to Jesse Root Grant and Hannah Simpson Grant in the small town of Point Pleasant, Ohio. They named their son Hiram Ulysses Grant. In 1823 the family moved to a town nearby called Georgetown, Ohio, where Ulysses’ father owned a tannery and some farmland. Grant had two brothers and three sisters born in Georgetown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ulysses attended school in Georgetown until he was 14. He then spent one year at the academy in Maysville, KentuckyRead More Ulysses S. Grant Essay534 Words   |  3 Pages Ulysses S. Grant nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;American General and 18th President of the United States of America, Ulysses S. Grant, was a master war strategist who won the first major Union victories during the Civil War; however, political leadership proved to be far different from military leadership for Grant. While in office from 1869-1877 Grant scarcely attempted to control events, made injudicious appointments to public office, and had official corruption taint his administration, althoughRead More Ulysses S. Grant Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesUlysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant was an American general and 18th president of the United States. Grant was born in Point Pleasant, Ohio, on April 27, 1822, the son of Hannah Simpson and Jesse Grant, the owner of a tannery. Taken to nearby Georgetown at the age of one, he was educated in local and boarding schools. In 1839, under the name of Ulysses Simpson instead of his original Hiram Ulysses, he was appointed to West Point. Graduating 21st in a class of 39 in 1843, he was assigned to JeffersonRead MoreTaking a Look at Ulysses S. Grant639 Words   |  3 PagesUlysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant, the eighteenth president of the United States, was a man of many notions. Grant endured a long journey from horseman to general. This journey continued all the way to President of the Unites States. From being born in a small white cottage, all the way to piecing together the Union, Grant has done it all. In the sixty-three years that Grant was alive, he made many positive impacts and shaped our country for the better. Born Ulysses Hiram Grant, on April 27Read MoreEssay about Ulysses S. Grant1140 Words   |  5 PagesUlysses S. Grant General Ulysses S. Grants brilliant siege of Vicksburg had a significant impact on the surrender of the Confederacy. This Vicksburg campaign was significant due to the fact that it basically gave the Union total control of the Mississippi River. This meant the isolation of the West and basically a clear waterway for supplies to reach the Deep South. Once this waterway was open arms, food, and soldiers could be provided for the Union soldiers in the South and open a devastatingRead MoreUlysses S. Grant: A Brief Biography692 Words   |  3 PagesUlysses S. Grant was a valiant and reliable person in the civil war. Born on April 27th, 1822, in Pleasant Point, Ohio, he moved to Georgetown, Ohio when he was 2 years old. He worked at his father’s farm until he grew up and his father forced him to attend West Point University. Grant did not like it there. Though his teachers said he was good at horse-riding, he failed in many subjects, including Math, Reading, and English. His cl assmates ridiculed him for his birth-name â€Å"Hiram†, which he laterRead More Ulysses S. Grant and the Trials of Leadership Essay3355 Words   |  14 PagesUlysses S. Grant and the Trials of Leadership On June 3, 1864, the Union and Confederate armies met on a battlefield in Cold Harbor, Virginia. The Confederates were well entrenched and prepared to mount a defensive stand. The Union soldiers on the other side of the lines were preparing for an attack that would prove to be disastrous. They knew what the outcome would be. In only 20 minutes of fighting, 7,000 Union soldiers were killed or wounded. As the Yankees prepared to go into action, manyRead MoreThe American Civil War : Ulysses S. Grant3206 Words   |  13 Pages Ulysses S. Grant was a quiet and reserved man however he was able to inspire a sense of bravery among his soldiers who fought on American battlefields (â€Å"American President†). He once said â€Å"In every battle there comes a time when both sides consider themselves beaten, then he who continues the attack wins (â€Å"Ulysses S. Grant Quotes† brainyquote). The man we know as Grant was an honorable man who entrusted others and did not see dishonor in them. This man lead the country through troubled timesRead MoreUlysses S. Grant and His Contribution to America Essay example1590 Words   |  7 Pagesis what General Ulysses S. Grant as the highest ranking officer of the Union Army, wrote to the opposing the highest ranking officer of the opposing Confederate army, General Robert E. Lee on April 7, 1865. (Alter, 2002) In 1861, the Southern states of the United States of America had seceded from the Union, forming the Confederate States of America, and President Linc oln deciding it was worth it to bring them back, declared war, sparking the American Civil War. (Gaines, 2009) Grant joined the army

The Presentation of Conflict in War Literature Free Essays

Morally conflicted characters are present in all three texts, as individuals struggle to make a Judgment between what they perceive as right and wrong. In Regeneration Rivers experiences an Internal ethical conflict which Intensifies as the novel progresses. Whilst observing fellow therapist Holland work, Rivers is forced to question the moral legitimacy of his war contributions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Presentation of Conflict in War Literature or any similar topic only for you Order Now Holland employs an intense form of therapy on voiceless patient Calla. A dream he has shortly after the experience brings this dilemma to the front of his mind, ‘in the dream he had stood in Wellhead’s place. The dream seemed to be saying†¦ Don’t latter yourself. There Is no distinction. ‘ Electro Convulsive Therapy (ACT) was, and still Is, a controversial treatment. Frequently used as a form of social control, and the uncertainty surrounding its effects, had led it to become a source of great fear for those it was enforced upon. The language used in this passage by Holland emphasis the assertion of his control over Calla. Barker uses several imperatives and modal verbs, such as you must behave as becomes the hero I expect you to be’ and you must talk before you leave me’. The tone here is very authoritative and could make readers feel intrusive whilst reading. Similarly, in Birdsong the main character, Stephen, experiences the horrors of war and although initially emotionally detached grows to care about the men he is serving with. The fate of his comrades fuels disdain for the war leading him to denounce it as ‘an exploration of how far men can be degraded’. As Paul Salad (1999) says the pure fury and intensity of the imagery created is†¦ Rebounded shocking and, ultimately, desperately uncomfortable to read’, and the poignancy of the description by Faults creates an immense Impact on the reader. Despite this when Stephen Is Injured and offered a desk Job whilst recovering n hospital he Is ‘appalled at the Idea of being separated from the men he had fought with. He despised the war, but he could not leave’. This is similar to Swanson in Regeneration, who writes a poem with the lines When are you going back to them again? Are they not still your brothers through our blood?. This moral conflict can be amplified beyond the individual. In the poem Easter 1 91 6 W. B Yeats explores the cost of freedom. The issue of Home Rule had dominated Irish Politics for several years until eventually coming to a head In April 1916, when a group of rebels seized the UAPITA city of Dublin. Yeats demonstrates his mixed feelings with the oxymoron phrase ‘a terrible beauty is born’, by personifying this freedom with the verb ‘born’, Yeats seems to be implying that the cause has taken on a life of its own and those who created it no longer have control. Through the simile ‘as a mother names her child when sleep at last has come on limbs that had run wild’, Yeats suggests that the rebel leaders had childlike enthusiasm for their cause, but Like children were naive The true brilliance of Yeats poem is, as Decline Kibbled (1995) said, is the honesty in which he debates the issue’, this honesty makes the poem more emotive and, moreover, gives modern readers an insight into those turbulent times. The outbreak of war came at a time when rigid social structures where in place; there was a sense that those who didn’t fit the ideal where not to be accepted – such as homosexuals. The war brought about change, some matters where by no means altered dramatically but it at least brought the old principles into conflict with the new. Whereas other texts show us individuals struggling to accept their personal identities n a society that condemns them, the poem The Soldier by Rupert Brooke presents a character whose position is supported by the masses (through propaganda) and is no doubt as to who they are and what they stand for. His certainty is evident in the opening line of the poem, ‘if I should die think only this of me’, this imperative expresses his confidence and as the poem is written in sonnet form his love for his country cannot be denied. However, Brooke never actually saw active service and therefore his genuine understanding of the war is feeble. Stalwartly (2002) writes of Brooke ‘had Brooke lived to experience†¦ The trenches of the Western Front, it is hard to imagine that the poet†¦ Would not have written as realistically as Owen†¦ . We must thus ask whether his opinion would differ if he had the experiences of his contemporaries and without the weight of public disagreement on his shoulders it is easy to see why Brooke was so self-assured in his poem he is ‘a soldier poet†¦ Not a war poet. ‘ Contrastingly, in Regeneration an element of Robert Graver’s identity does not agree at all with social views of the time. Homosexuality was actu ally illegal in the United Kingdom from 1533 up until 1967, therefore for Graves the issue goes beyond disapproval. In chapter 17 Graves tells Swanson about Peter – a man they both knew of on the front line – ‘he was arrested’ for ‘soliciting outside the local barracks’. The shock of this leads Graves to denounce his identity, saying ‘it’s only fair to tell you that†¦ Since that happened my affections have been running in more normal channels’. The suspension marks here imply uncertainty and the abstract noun ‘normal’ is used almost as a synonym as Graves doesn’t seem able to clearly associate himself with homosexuality. It is clear in this passage that Graves cares greatly about how others perceive him; this consciousness leads to him changing who he is. Although in Birdsong, Weir experiences similar scrutiny due to him still being a virgin it is not seen as wrong but rather a source of amusement and pity for his comrades. Stephen takes it upon himself to ‘solve’ Weir’s problem and forces him into a situation which leaves him ‘shaken and pale’. Both Weir and Graves feel a certain amount of shame for the uncommon elements of their identity, but a key difference is that Graves allows himself to be changed. Undoubtedly, Weir is conflicted in his feelings towards his virginity, it leads him to be filled with anxiety but yet he also ‘convince[s] himself that what he had missed could not be remarkable’. The verb ‘could’ suggest doubt and it is unclear whether Weir is ever certain in his conclusions, despite his reluctance to give away something that is linked so intrinsically to his own identity he still feels ‘it had come to nothing but humiliation’. In a private letter to his mother Wilfred Owen writes how ‘[he] nearly broke down and let [himself] drown’. This sentence alone encapsulates the psychological struggle men underwent in the thin himself and allowed his self-will to slip. In his poem Exposure we see what led to this breakdown. The ABA rhyme scheme highlights the cyclical nature of trench warfare and the anaphoric use of ‘but nothing happens’ further supports this idea, somehow the men always end up back where they started and their ‘brains ached’ from it. It can be argued that being Worried by silence’ is worse than the The alternative and psychological breakdowns are a result of the repeated tension of waiting. Owen manages to pull himself back up and carry on but for some men it wasn’t as easy. Burns in Regeneration struggles to escape his all consuming psychological trauma. Even Rivers, the doctor who is supposed to be helping him overcome this, is ‘defeated’ by it. In chapter 15 Rivers goes to visit Burns but he is quick to see that he is struggling to re-establish himself and ‘however hard Burns tried to thrust the memories of the war behind him, the nightmare followed’. The use of the verb thrust’ here implies force and suggests that Burns is desperately trying to escape but this is a battle he is loosing. Burns illness takes over him mind and body, preventing him from eating and turning him yellow skinned’. Philip Gibbs, a journalist on the Western Front, later recalled that the shell-shock cases were the worst to see and the worst to cure†¦ Sturdy, men shaking with ague, mouthing like madman, figures of dreadful terror, speechless and uncontrollable’. Brenna in Birdsong suffers a similar fate. Elizabeth goes to visit him in a care home in order to seek out more information on her grandfather and the war. Brenna kept his sanity through the wars horrors (such as pulling his brothers rotting body out of a shell hole) but once he returned home his mental state declined. What is clear is that Brenna was alone in his battle with his psyche, Elizabeth curses how she cannot ‘restore poor Brakeman’s life or take away the pity of the past’. As seen in Exposure Brakeman’s life is monotonous. He spent his entire post war existence in and out of field hospitals and care homes without a single visitor. Without anything or anyone to cling to Brenna is overpowered by his psychological conflict. We see a conflict in gender roles during the war and thus it is manifested in war literature. Women were evolving in the absence of men and when the men did finally come back they were expected to regress. There is a subversion of gender roles, women must become more hardened and ‘masculine’ to be able to support themselves and their remaining family, while the devastation of the war brings out the more compassionate feminine’ qualities in men. The war broke down boundaries and the conflict lay in the perceptions of what now separates men and women. The women in Regeneration, Legalize in particular, represents a new radical form of women. Legalize relished her freedom so much that doesn’t want her husband ‘back on leave’ or even When it’s over’ and alludes to divorcing him. At the time divorces were still infrequent and frowned upon – so through her consideration of it we see how the mind set of women has progressed. Prior seems bewildered by this noting women have ‘changed so much during the war’ and how ‘he was so out of touch with women’. Siegfried Swanson wrote an ironic sonnet about women entitled The Glory of Women. There is an accusatory tone running throughout the poem, such as the anaphoric use of the first person personal pronoun you’. This use of direct address emphasis Caisson’s frustration with those at home. The opening line of the poem presents the idea that Eros’. In this poem women are seen to love heroics but this is a one sided opinion. Women gave out white feathers at home to those who were not serving to denounce them as cowards, on the surface this seems quite callous and we can see why Swanson puts women on par with the enemy -German mother’. However, the women giving out these feathers no doubt had husbands, brothers and sons fighting on the front line, therefore seeing men safe at home no doubt enraged them. Why should their family fight and die while some stay at home? These conflicting views question whether indeed the greatest conflicts are.. Teen one person and himself, it may be that (Sharon Mennonite 2002) ‘gender stereotyping may distort and repress the personal development of individuals of both genders’. The parallels between Isabella and Elizabeth are evident – both have affairs and illegitimate children as a result. However, the circumstances in which these events happen are very different. In pre- war France Isabella is condemned by Renee for her affair, he shouts that she will ‘[go] to hell’ for what she has done. The reference to her father – ‘and you’re father†¦ What can he do†¦? Gives insight into how women were viewed at the time, as objects or sessions of the men in their lives. However, Elizabethan affair with a married man in the sass is met with little scorn or resistance. This is again indicative of the time, after both wars women had begun to campaign for equality with movements such as the Suffragettes. When Elizabeth tells her friends they are ‘displeased’ but for superficial reasons such as Jealousy, even her mother who is from an older generation is pleased for her. The similarities between these two women may have been done by Faults to show the changing attitudes towards gender and shows how after the conflicting years progress is eventually made. The conflicting opinions of what was happening on the battlefield created a huge separation between the soldiers and the public. In The Hero by Siegfried Swanson a mother is told of the death of her son. However, she is not told the complete truth, she is told that her son died honorably and ‘as he’d have wished’. The truth is though that her son was ‘a useless swine’ (or so the ‘brother officer’ thinks) and he died ‘panicking down [a] trench’. The annalistic imagery used here creates a stark contrast with phrases such as ‘her glorious boy, this further emphasis the difference in what those at home re being told compared with what is actually happening. Both stanza one and three have a matching rhyme scheme (BACK), this could have been done by Swanson to show the two versions of the story, whereas the falter in the rhyme in the second stanza (ABACA) shows the discrepancy of the ‘gallant lies’. These lies and propaganda lead to soldiers such as Billy Prior feeling disconnected when they are home on leave. When walking along the beach with Sarah, Prior describes the public as ‘black figures, like insects’ this metaphor extends as Prior describes their movements saying they[swarm] across the beach like insects’. The connotations of the negative imagery of insects, especially flies, are foulness and decay. This separation showed how the war took lives in every sense of the word as some soldiers couldn’t find a place in society after the war, Prior feels ‘like a ghost’ among them. Weir experiences a similar feeling of disconnection when home on leave, he goes to visit his parents and feels strangely formal. It appears to him that the England he thought he was fighting for ceases to mean anything to him on a Weir to wonder ‘if he was going to say any word of greeting. Throughout his stay he is Waiting for the moment when the familiar wash of normality would come over him’ but normality seems lost to him in the way he knew it. This indifference quickly rises into anger for Weir, after his leave he calls those at home fat pigs’ who ‘have got no idea what lives are led for them’. He then goes on to wish ‘a great bombardment would smash down†¦ And kill the whole lot of them†¦ Particularly my family. ‘. Like in The Hero the annalistic imagery emphasis the disdain Weir has for those at home and this anger fuels the conflict between the battlefield and the home front. How to cite The Presentation of Conflict in War Literature, Essays