Writing a College Shooting Essay

Writing a College Shooting EssayA college shooting essay is a term commonly used in shooting literature. It involves the author talking about something they have experienced or witnessed in the present, this happens after shooting the author himself in the previous sentence. The purpose of doing this is to get the reader thinking and reflecting upon events which could possibly be similar to the author's own life. The essay should start by creating the scene so that the reader will understand the context the writer has in mind, this is also to create a feeling of uneasiness when reading the essay.There are many university subjects which could be the subject of a shooting essay. Some of these subjects would be sport, politics, religion, social issues, health and disease and personal experiences. For example, if someone was killed because he was playing basketball, the author of the essay could write about this, this would generate a lot of discussion and most of the time, the heated de bate between students and other people. This would make readers to reflect upon their own lives and how they could react in similar situations, and after all the reflection has been made, the writer could end the essay.The essay can be used to point out patterns that occur in society that could perhaps cause similar problems. This may be seen as unfair discrimination against a minority group, and if the situation is not dealt with soon enough, it could become a trend. There is a pattern where school shooters tend to be highly intelligent, have criminal pasts and are generally very unstable. This shows how there is a link between intelligence and mental instability, and it is essential that these patterns are highlighted before the society as a whole is open to further abuse.While writing a shooting essay, there are certain things which the author has to remember. Firstly, it should be clear and precise about what the author is trying to say and why he is trying to do so. He or she s hould know the subject and the facts and figures very well and must have good writing skills and should have knowledge of the subject matter. The subject should be able to give the reader some kind of insight into how things are in this particular world. It must be considered and looked upon as a guide to the future, and not a substitute for the views of other people. In writing a shooting essay, there is always the possibility of coming across opposition and difficulties.While writing such a document, it is important that the writer does not show undue anger towards the people, as it may lead to misinterpretation. The essay will involve serious topics, but the author should still feel calm and confident enough to discuss them freely and in an even manner. There is no need to be confrontational and threatening.The topic must always be well thought out and discussed, and should be clearly written so that people will read it with a feeling of trust and respect. It should be taken slow ly and thoughtfully, and no one should feel cheated by the work. If there is criticism for the essay, it must be of the right kind, and it should be fair criticism which can be received by anyone.Writing a shooting essay is not an easy task, but it can be worth it. This is a document which can create a better understanding of a subject matter that is important, and if done correctly, can open up a whole new world of insight.

Healthy meals through the day - Free Essay Example

I need quick, easy, and healthy meals that can power me through the day. I also try to eat locally grown and organic food as much as possible its the best for me and the environment. (Ashlan Gorse Cousteau) This sentence not only reveal her view while choosing foods in the supermarket or restaurants, but also reflect most peoples thought when they are making a decision. Try to looking back to the moment that you standing in front of the shelf and decide between two products, which is the non-organic and organic. Based on affordable price, a large number of people will choose the organic one. And, how does people defined the word organic? Take America as an example, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), organic means farmers growing or processing agriculture with different ways. For example, farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations. [1] Furthermore, it means without using common pesticides during planting period. With this strong reason, the price of organic foods usually two or even three times than non-organic foods. However, there are still many people prefer to buy organic food. There are some reasons that occur people to choose organic rather than normal foods. As we know, foods without pesticide residue is the biggest reason attract people to buy. In addition, no food additive, higher nutritional value, more delicious, to improve healthy, take responsibility to the society, and to support the local production. These reasons are regarded as the motivations to those who are blow hot and cold, and the following context are going to discuss these reasons. According to the ANS analyzation, there are nearly 73% of people have purchased organic food in Taiwan. More deeply, ANS found out that products label with no pesticide, natural, no pollution will more attractive to the customers. Nonetheless, a large quantity of people is not really understanding the meaning of the label. Organic means no pesticide residue, hence many farmers in order to reach this standard then start using other methods. As the CODEX Guidelines mentioned, due to the environmental pollution, organic agricultural cannot guarantee that they do not contain residual substances such as pesticides. Yet, they should be produced in the way which minimize the content of chemical fertilizer. The clause revealed the main idea of organic farming, its final goal is to make a society with soil, planet, animal, and human live peacefully. Organic farming emphasized the balance between sustainable development of natural resources and eco-environment rather than pay attention on non-pesticide crops. In other words, to live in harmony with nature and people cannot buy a product that is totally without pollution. In fact, normal agricultural products do not mean worse since all the products on the shelf of supermarket has meet the minimum standard of the usage of pesticides, a small amount of toxin will not cause huge influence on humans healthy. Higher nutrition, another reason for customer to buy organic food. In general, the masses consider that organic foods contain more nutrition than non-organic foods. Nevertheless, there is no evidence that organic foods contain higher nutrition. A 2012 study at Stanford University collect all papers from 1966 to 2011 to compare organic agricultural products and conventional foods about the nutrition. The results of this study is that there has no significant difference between them because of the lack of strong evidences. Based on the report of Food Standards Agency(FSA), there is truly something different between organic foods and conventional foods. For instance, the content of Magnesium and Zinc in organic is higher than conventional. Still, it is only slightly gap between them and little difference will not benefit or harm peoples healthy. The Dr. Yan from Clinical Toxicology Division of Chang Gung Hospital in Taiwan pointed out that the biggest advantage of people buying organic food can reduce consumers suspicion about the pesticides and chemicals residue. But even if you purchase non-organic foods, you can get same nutrition value after washing vegetables or fruit for 15 minutes. The dietitian from John Tung Foundation prompted that people cannot rely on organic food to get the extra nutrition since there is no discrepancy of nutrition value in organic foods. What people should do is to noted that the balance of daily three meals and the diversified intake of six categories of foods, with less oil and salt. This is the only way to maintain the nutrition instead of buying valued organic foods. Some people thought healthier foods taste bad, in contrast, some people thought organic foods taste better. Yes, that is true that organic foods actually more delicious. British Journal of Nutrition(BJN) released a paper which talked about the organoleptic qualities of food such as flavor, fragrance, and mouthfeel will be affect by higher antioxidant. The research Benbrook explained: The concept of terroir can be traced to particular biological stresses in a region or soil types that impact how a plant responds to stress. The chemicals that a plant produces to respond to stress become part of that plants signature taste. People are yearning for more intense flavors, and theres good news that organic farming accentuates flavor in fruits and vegetables. As the expert mentioned, organic foods may draw peoples attention by its taste, however, there are another reason influence peoples taste buds. Psychological actions, the price tag effect peoples taste of foods. There is a study discuss whether higher value influence the taste of foods. The study found out that when the price of wine is higher, even if the researchers give the same thing, the subject will think it is more delectable. In addition, researchers learned from the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging(NMRI) that there has a higher level of pleasure in the subjects brain while eating higher valued products. As mentioned earlier, there is no evidence that organic foods healthier than conventional foods, nonetheless, a new French study found out that eat organic products will lower the cancer risk roughly 25%. More specifically, those who eat organic regularly are more resistant to cancer such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma and postmenopausal breast cancer than those who eat rarely. Like what experts pointed out, conventional agriculture using the pesticides such as Glyphosate, Malathion, and Diazinon cause higher cancer risk to people. It seems that organic food actually better than conventional foods and most people believe in this concept. Nevertheless, this comment was refuted by some French and American experts immediately. The Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA) announced that the results of this study have to go a step further confirmed. The American Cancer Research Society had doubt on the result, they thought the research method is considered to be one-sided and limited and they said: Diet is complicated. Frank B. Hu, one of the chairman of the department of nutrition at Harvard. He claimed:From a practical point of view, the results are still preliminary, and not sufficient to change dietary recommendations about cancer prevention. He said, if people want to prevent cancer, it is more important for them to eat more vegetables and fruit, whether organic or not and eat whole grains instead of refined grains. Furthermore, a representative of the Alliance for Food and Farming said that there is no need to worry about the cancer risk cause by the conventional foods. Experts cannot have defined that eating more organic food can lower cancer risk because there is no food that can directly change humans body and healthy. To save environment and take the responsibility to the society, some of customer will choose organic. One study found out that the quantity of organic production is less than conventional, it means organic require nearly 1.5 times yields to produce as much as conventional way. Yet, the worlds population is still growing, organic farming is not an efficient way to plant foods. For instance, quinoa planting in Bolivia and labeled with organic and healthy then cause problems. Many countries want to purchase and give rise to the raise of price in Bolivia. This situation not truly save environment and even cause the problem of uneven distribution of foods. With the development of society, more and more people pay attention on their healthy.

Research Paper Topics For the Middle East

<h1>Research Paper Topics For the Middle East</h1><p>Selecting Research Paper Topics for the Middle East may appear to be an overwhelming errand. Actually, there are numerous undertakings and assignments that loan themselves well to Middle Eastern cultures.</p><p></p><p>The culture of the Middle East is one of the most differing on the planet, with a one of a kind mix of strict convictions, cutting edge exercises, and the sky is the limit from there. The United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia have numerous understudies examining the way of life, yet very few understudies are going to class with a teacher who has done a great deal of Middle Eastern research. This may make choosing Research Paper Topics for the Middle East considerably all the more testing. On the off chance that you have any suspicion of a thought regarding this subject, notwithstanding, there are a few assets available.</p><p></p><p>F irst, you can discover a great deal of data about the nations that you need to investigate in your school. The United States is a major nation with a ton of social contrasts, so it is generally simple to discover what the nation resembles. Knowing the nations that you are looking into will give you some knowledge into how you ought to talk about various points and stories.</p><p></p><p>Second, in the event that you will do a great deal of Middle Eastern research paper subjects, it is shrewd to stay aware of the news. On the off chance that there is a significant anecdote about the district, you can find out about it by following what's going on via web-based networking media, on the news, and through online articles. You can likewise do a great deal of research on the internet.</p><p></p><p>Third, you can discover a ton of data about the historical backdrop of the zone from antiquated occasions. A portion of the things that you will le arn might be talked about in class and it may not appear a lot. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you gain proficiency with about these things, you can utilize them in your exploration papers.</p><p></p><p>Fourth, you ought to consider the social inclinations of the people that you are concentrating with. Individuals from the Middle East will in general be more strict than others on the planet. Individuals may likewise be to some degree careful about having strict figures throughout their life. In the event that you are finding out about the social contrasts in a study hall, ensure that you have a teacher who is available to your thoughts regarding religion.</p><p></p><p>Lastly, individuals in Middle Eastern nations will in general love perusing and tuning in to music. In the event that you need to compose an exploration paper that is totally founded on their way of life, you should set aside the effort to hear some out music, read a book, or go out to eat. It may appear to be a little detail, however with regards to composing a paper, it makes all the difference.</p><p></p><p>When you are picking Research Paper Topics for the Middle East, it will be essential to take a gander at the social contrasts and the inclinations of the individuals who are associated with the social practices. It will likewise be imperative to recollect that the individuals who live in the Middle East are the absolute most taught individuals in the world.</p>

Good Topics For Response Essay

<h1>Good Topics For Response Essay</h1><p>To compose reaction expositions the main thing you need to do is select the correct theme for your paper. This must be something that you are extremely energetic about and that is the explanation you need to compose the reaction paper. You should likewise remember that the subject must be something that will rouse you and make you need to seek after it considerably more. Peruse on to discover what I mean.</p><p></p><p>A theme can be whatever is identified with the subject of the task. Notwithstanding, a rundown of point thoughts would not be powerful as you need something one of a kind and one that has not been utilized previously. This is one of the significant things that you need to recall. You can't simply pick a theme that individuals are as of now utilized to.</p><p></p><p>In request to get you out, I have experienced a procedure to set up an article that is unique. This procedure included perusing and composing bunches of articles identified with the point. This incorporates writing, insights, law, legislative issues, and so forth. These are things that the vast majority think about yet very few skill to utilize them to further their potential benefit. This is the reason it is ideal to become more acquainted with increasingly about these subjects before you start composing the essay.</p><p></p><p>Then you have to get all the vital records, for example, composing instruments, composing paper, reference books, and so forth. You should remember these things for your rundown, since you will require them later on. This is the main way you can abstain from forgetting about any of the significant materials required for your assignment.</p><p></p><p>After you have accumulated all the basic materials required for your article, you will at that point need to choose which region of research to expound on. This w ill rely upon the region of your examination or the subject of your paper. For instance, if your point is about the constitution, you can expound on one subject about the constitution.</p><p></p><p>For a few themes, you might need to begin composing the real paper at the earliest opportunity, which implies you may require a cutoff time. In the event that you do this, you should ensure that the cutoff time is set before the cutoff time. This is significant on the grounds that you should not surge the composing process.</p><p></p><p>The most ideal approach to accelerate the exploration is to utilize a program that gives a wide range of subject decisions in a single spot. Thusly, you can pick a subject that is identified with your point or the one that you need to compose about.</p><p></p><p>That's it, presently you can begin composing your own special great reaction exposition. Make sure to keep your enthusiasm an d ensure that your theme is genuinely worth seeking after. With these tips, you can compose a novel and moving article for your assignment.</p>

Essay Writing Topics in English

<h1>Essay Writing Topics in English</h1><p>When you are searching for article composing themes in English, you should choose which of the five classifications you need to expound on. You should discover which of the subject territories has an exceptionally enormous number of related points. The most notable of these classes is American history.</p><p></p><p>History is a significant theme in American culture and personality. Individuals find out about the United States from their history books and furthermore through watching movies and network shows. Understudies get familiar with a ton about their nation's past through finding out about it. It is constantly a smart thought to take a gander at various verifiable points of view to perceive what the nation has been through.</p><p></p><p>If you know a specific locale, quite possibly you may have the option to discover the kind of individuals who were there during specific periods. You can likewise discover the significant clashes and the general occasions that occurred. Expounding on this can give you your very own superior comprehension nation. Individuals in different nations are keen on finding out about America's history.</p><p></p><p>Travel is additionally a major motivation for individuals in the United States. This is a major piece of our nation's history. There are an assortment of remote societies that impact our nation and add to our national character. Individuals who go to the United States are continually going to be more affected by the outside culture than they would be on the off chance that they remained at home.</p><p></p><p>Most world occasions in history were to do with the legislature of a nation. There was a lot of data which was found out about the administrations and the individuals associated with different various occasions. This is an exceptionally intriguing approach to expo und on an occasion since you can truly discover what the world resembled at a specific time. It is essential to look into your own nation's history.</p><p></p><p>There are two normal sorts of articles. One sort manages data that is realities or measurements. Another sort is expounding on feeling. In both of these sorts, the data you will utilize will be realities and opinions.</p><p></p><p>A course about World History would likely not be considered as paper composing points in English. In any case, if you somehow happened to pick American history, you would need to incorporate a couple of authentic odds and ends about ideological groups and the entire experience of the United States. Different sorts of topic would be things, for example, religion, the earth, and the Constitution. You can likewise remember some close to home data about your own life for this type of essay.</p><p></p><p>When individuals find out a bout these points, they have a superior comprehension of the world. This is an incredible method to figure out the nation. When expounding on history, individuals consistently need to downplay their realities. They can find out about the data, yet they ca exclude any close to home information.</p>

A Utopia Sounds Like A Wonderful Thing - 1433 Words

FYS Final A utopia sounds like a wonderful thing. The Oxford English Dictionary defines â€Å"utopia† as an â€Å"imagined or hypothetical place, system, or state of existence in which everything is perfect, esp. in respect of social structure, laws, and politics.† (OED, 2015, entry 2) But what happens when someone tries to bring this imagined land of perfection into reality? Both in fictional literature and in real life applications, utopian dreams destroy societies. The word utopia originates from Sir Thomas More’s novel of the same name, Utopia. Sir Thomas More created the term as an intentional homophone of the word â€Å"eutopia†, which is a Greek word meaning â€Å"good place†. (Sterling, 2015) â€Å"Utopia†, on the other hand, means â€Å"no place†, which implies either an impossibility of existence or the results of attempting to bring about such existence. The reasons why a utopia is so destructive to societies are that each person has their own vision of perfection and it is impossible to make everyone agree; if everyone made their own utopias there would be conflict between their objectives. Also, human nature is flawed and cannot accommodate perfection. Every person has their own personal vision of utopia. My utopia may be filled with libraries and cats, while yours would probably look very different. In Frankenstein, Shelley gives us Victor Frankenstein, a man who envisions a world where he will never feel the pain of losing someone he loves again. He devises a way to cheatShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson and The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K. Le Guin838 Words   |  3 Pagessocietal settings. Both of the stories contain a false display of utopia, the following of traditions, and foul treatment. For example, in â€Å"The Lottery† every year a person’s name is drawn from a box and the â€Å"winner† is stoned to death, and the townsfolk are fine with it and keep coming back. And in â€Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas† Omelas is described as being a perfect society where everyone is happy, but in order for the utopia to thrive a young child is being detained and torture d and the peopleRead MoreOrigins Of The Mormon Pioneers901 Words   |  4 Pagescommunity of approximately 15 million members and faithful followers (Utopia and Dystopia). Today, with over seven million members in the United States alone, Mormonism is among the fastest growing of the world s religious movements. What is most noteworthy and historically accurate about Mormonism is that it was not merely another group or denomination, but was the only new religious tradition founded in nineteenth-century America (Utopia and Dystopia). Mormons were organized, culturally, and their communityRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From The By Ursula Le Guin1570 Words   |  7 Pagesaround how people are often willing to excuse awful things if it’s for their own gain. The first element that led me to the theme is the tone of the story. Specifically, the clashing of the tones between the narrator is describing the city of Omelas and when they are describing the child and the room he/she is kept in. When describing the city, the tone is very bright and exultant; the narrator tries their best to make this place sound like the utopia it supposedly is: â€Å"With a clamor of bells that setRead MoreEssay on Drugs: How Danagerous Is It?1180 Words   |  5 PagesDrugs: How Danagerous Is It? Drugs have infiltrated our cities, our towns and our lives. Though a small percentage of people use drugs, they do attempt to spread their plague among others. But, how dangerous are these mind suppressors? Do they kill like the statistics show, or is it a coverup to stop people from having a good time? Even in Franklin County, there are drugs. How bad is the problem? It is worse then most people think, but what can we do about it? Can we do anything about it? MarijuanaRead More Women on the Edge of Time Essay1519 Words   |  7 Pagessame circumstances. When Connie was transported through her mind to a new place with the help of Luciente the first thing she saw was a river. â€Å"Little no account buildings, strange structures like long-legged birds†¦a few large terracotta and yellow buildings†¦irregular buildings†¦no skyscrapers, no spaceports, and no traffic jam in the sky†, (60). Connie saw a place that looked like villages and did not have big cities because Luciente said that big cities did not work. Connie also saw bicycles andRead MoreAnalysis Of Harrison Bergeron By Kurt Vonnegut Jr.1242 Words   |  5 Pages If you were to live in a society in which citizens are literally equal in every aspect of their lives, would you consider this kind of society a utopia or dystopia? The science-fiction short story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut Jr. depicts the future of a world where the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America is interpreted and executed literally, where every man is believed to be created equal. If you happened to have been born strong, beautiful, intelligentRead MoreThe Influence Of Gothic Literature On The Human Condition1283 Words   |  6 Pageswith the concept of violent and inclusive change in the human condition† (The Romantic Period). This new style was a response to the revolution going on in France. The Romantics believed that this time of violence and revolt would lead to a universal utopia. Even after this failed, the Romantics continued trying to reform society through the arts. Gothic style writing also came out of this era. Gothic literature was dark, violent, and the main characters were often considered to be evil. In 1818, theRead MoreEric Blair, Under The Pen Name George Orwell, Once Said,1462 Words   |  6 PagesEric Blair, under the pen name George Orwell,   once said, â€Å"Writing a book is a horrible, exhausting struggle, like a long bout of some painful illness. One would never undertake such a thing if one were not driven by some demon whom one can neither resist nor understand†. In May of 1946, Orwell liberated himself to the islands of the Hebrides with the desperate hope to expose himself to all the creative demons that crawled within his mind. His masterpiece struck the world with the waking fear ofRead MoreYeats Essay2604 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"The Lake Isle of Innisfree† and â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium†. â€Å"The Lake Isle of Innisfree† expresses Yeats’ longing to return home as he was in London at the time when he wrote it. The p oet desires to escape from the world of grim reality to a pastoral utopia. In â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium†, Yeats’ once more is longing to escape but in contrast to â€Å"The Lake Isle of Innisfree†, he longs to escape the process of ageing as opposed to escaping from a physical place. The poet’s desire to return home is made clearRead More A Dystopian Future in Brave New World Essay examples4100 Words   |  17 Pagesrace of beings who are clones devoid of identity only able to worship the three things they have been preconditioned to love:   Henry Ford, their idol; Soma, a wonder drug; and sex (Dusterhoof, Guynn, Patterson, Shaw, Wroten and Yuhasz   1).   The misuse of perfected technologies, especially those allowing the manipulation of the human brain and genes, have created a pleasure-seeking world where there is no such thing as spiritual experience, just pleasures of the flesh.   In the face of a transcendent

Shakespeare’s Racial Vision free essay sample

Race was never Shakespeare’s central theme, but Shakespeare’s comprehensive soul has created an impressive racial vision. Five of his plays have touched on racial problems and his racial personae are above ten. The Jew and the Moor are two most prominent figurers representing two basic types of racism in Shakespeare. Racialism can be distinguished from racism. Intrinsic racism and extrinsic racism are due to racial pride and racial prejudice, respectively. Shakespeare’s world was a white-centered Christendom. Skin color and religion were thus the elemental features (of nature and nurture) that induced racism, Venice or Italy being Shakespeare’s convenient locale for dramatizing his racial actions and reactions. In this paper, instances of racial pride and prejudice in Shakespeare are presented, the causes of racism are investigated, Shakespeare’s views of race and racism are discussed, and his racial vision is delineated. The conclusion is: Shakespeare recognizes the existence of racial differences but he is not a racist. Shakespeare is in fact an impartial, humanitarian dramatist preaching interracial liberty, equality, and fraternity. In his vision there is always a Shylock locked up shyly in his racial ideology, accompanied by an Othello crying â€Å"Ot, hell, O! † for villainous misuse of racial consciousness. The playwright’s comprehensive soul wants every one of us to shy away the racial â€Å"bond† that cuts our hearts and discard the racial â€Å"handkerchief† that brings us tragedies instead of curing our headaches. Key words and phrases: 1. the Jew 2. the Moor 3. racial vision 4. racialism/racism 5. comprehensive soul 6. racial personae 7. pride and prejudice 8. Shylock 9. Othello 10. Venice and the Mediterranean I. Comprehensive Soul It is well known that John Dryden, in his â€Å"An Essay of Dramatic Poesy,† makes Neander praise Shakespeare as â€Å"the man who of all modern, and perhaps ancient poets, had the largest and most comprehensive soul† (247). But what exactly did the term â€Å"comprehensive soul† mean to Neander or Dryden? The statement that immediately follows the praise is: â€Å"All the images of nature were still present to him, and he drew them, not laboriously, but luckily; when he describes anything, you more than see it, you feel it too† (247). This statement seems to explain that what made Shakespeare’s soul comprehensive was his ability to grasp â€Å"all the images of nature† and render them â€Å"luckily† and touchingly. Except this apparent explanation Dryden or Neander provides no further explication in this famous essay. In an editorial of 1998, Christopher Flannery says: â€Å"When Dryden speaks of Shakespeare’s ‘comprehensive soul,’ he means that Shakespeare’s genius plumbs the deepest depths and scales the loftiest heights of human nature and encompasses the broadest reaches of the human condition. Thus, he goes on to say, â€Å"Shakespeare’s themes include virtually every interesting aspect of human life. † However, the Shakespearean themes he mentions are such as â€Å"love, revenge, beauty, ambition, virtue, vice, justice, free will, providence, chance, fate, friendship, loyalty, betrayal; the interplay among passions, reason and will; truth and illusion, men and women, mortality and immortality; the vast variety of human characters and societies. †1 Somehow, he has failed to mention the theme of race. Race is, of course, part of nature, and each human race has always had its distinctive â€Å"image(s)† formed and known in various â€Å"societies. † Nevertheless, race was indeed not so important an issue in Shakespeare’s England as to become a central theme of his drama. According to Michael D. Bristol, at the end of the 16th century â€Å"racism was not yet organized as a large-scale system of oppressive social and economic arrangements, though it certainly existed as a widely shared set of feelings and attitudes† (181). The Merchant of Venice may be a play most obviously touching on the tension of Jews in a Christian society, and thus one can argue as to whether the play is anti-Semitic or not. Yet, as the title suggests, the play is mainly about â€Å"the merchant of Venice,† that is, Antonio, who embodies friendship or love of the highest degree, against usury or any mercenary form of profit that is often associated with merchants. Although the play is â€Å"otherwise called ‘The Iewe of Venyce,’†2 and it is certainly Shylock’s tragedy and often performed as such,3 most people still regard it as a comedy for Bassanio and Portia or as a tragic-comedy for Antonio. If the play, as C. L. Barber suggests, is to dramatize â€Å"the conflict between the mechanisms of wealth and the masterful, social use of it† (179), the emphasis is placed first and foremost on wealth as a personal, rather than racial, matter, for wealth is primarily one’s personal, rather than racial, belongings. Othello is another of Shakespeare’s plays that has the greatest potential to develop into a â€Å"problem play† about race. In its source tale, as Susan Snyder points out, Cinthio does not dwell much on the theme of skin color, but Shakespeare dwells on it a great deal in the play (31). And as Stephen Greenblatt puts it, â€Å"blackness is the indelible witness to Othello’s permanent status as an outsider† (45). Yet, as it is, the tragedy is primarily about jealousy,4 and Othello’s tragic fate lies more in his personality (e. g. is rashness or gullibility) than in his racial situation: there is no racism detrimental enough to hinder him directly through racial hatred in his military or matrimonial life. The racial problem raised in the play is, at most, but a problem subordinate to the problem of villainy, which makes use of others’ personal traits as well as racial prejudices existing in a society. Three of Shakespeare’s other plays, namely Titus Andronicus, Antony and Cleopatra, and The Tempest, also have characters other than â€Å"the white race†: Aaron the blackamoor, Cleopatra the Egyptian, and the Indian-like Caliban. But who would think of these plays primarily in terms of racism? Aaron is but a convenient agent to bring forth Shakespeare’s revenge theme, Cleopatra a type of love overpowering political and military power, and Caliban an example depicting the master/servant relationship or the nature/nurture contrast. In none of these plays, as in neither The Merchant of Venice nor Othello, does the theme of race ever really come to the fore to bedim other possible themes. Although race was never Shakespeare’s central theme, race and racism actually never escaped the playwright’s notice. In fact, as will be discussed in this essay, Shakespeare’s comprehensive soul has made him comprehend a lot of things related to the problem of race, his comprehensiveness has become an impartial attitude toward races, and his soul has created a racial vision bespeaking his comprehensiveness most impressively. II. Racial Personae We have mentioned five characters (Aaron, Shylock, Othello, Cleopatra, and Caliban) from five plays (Titus Andronicus, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Antony and Cleopatra, and The Tempest) as Shakespeare’s dramatis personae that may have something to do with race and racism. But the five characters do not exhaust Shakespeare’s racial personae. In The Merchant of Venice, at least, we have two other Jews (Shylock’s daughter Jessica and his friend Tubal) and one or two Moors (the Prince of Morocco and the Moor mentioned in passing whom Launcelot Gobbo made big with child), who either directly or indirectly help make up Shakespeare’s racial vision. If we count also Aaron’s black baby by Tamora and Caliban’s hag mother Sycorax (who is also not presented but mentioned in the play), then Shakespeare’s racial personae may be said to be above ten. Of the eleven racial personae, only four are female (Jessica, Cleopatra, Sycorax, and Launcelot’s Moor), but they are enough to connect race with gender. Among the eleven characters, again, we find three Jews (Shylock, Jessica, and Tubal), five Moors (Aaron and his baby, the Prince of Morocco, Launcelot’s woman, and Othello), one Egyptian (Cleopatra), and two Algerians (Caliban and his mother Sycorax, since she is said to be from Argier). Up to Shakespeare’s time, as we know, any race that was non-Greek, non-Roman, or non-Christian was thought to be barbarous. So, all of the characters would have been considered barbarous if none of them had converted to Christianity (like Jessica and Othello) or had been born of nobility (like Cleopatra or the Prince of Morocco). Anyway, in Shakespeare’s vision race is also linked to religion and class, besides gender. In ancient times, the Moslem region west of Egypt in north Africa was called Barbary. It was the place where Moors (a Moslem people of mixed Arab and Berber descent) used to live. 6 The English word â€Å"Moors,† it is said, is related to the Spanish Moros and the French Maures and derived from the Latin maurus and the Greek mauros, which means â€Å"dark,† and the word originally referred to â€Å"the dark ones† inhabiting northern Africa because they were darker in complexion than the Europeans. Later, in the 15th century, when black slaves were brought back from west Africa, â€Å"black Moors† or â€Å"blackamoors† was the word used to distinguish the negroes from the â€Å"Moors† of northern Africa, though people often failed to make the distinction and kept calling all Africans â€Å"Moors† no matter whether they were black or merely swarthy, from north or west Africa. 7 In Shakespeare’s drama, Aaron is identified as a blackamoor but Othello is said to be a swarthy Moor. To Shakespeare, â€Å"a Moor was not clearly distinguished from a black† (Asimov 609). And I am of opinion that no matter whether Othello is brown or black, this particular Moor is enough to become a racial topic though critics including Coleridge and A. C. Bradley have strongly argued for the necessity of making Othello a swarthy Moor rather than a blackamoor. 8 Racism is indeed often based on visible morphological characteristics such as skin color, hair type, and facial features. It happened that Moors were usually Moslems. It followed, therefore, that Moslems were associated with colored people and a foreign race in Europe. But Moslemism was not the only religion to suggest religious difference to Christians. Judaism was another religion that made the Europeans differ from Jews. To be sure, no religion is ever conspicuously written on anyone’s face: Moslemism or Judaism is a cultural manifestation, not a physical appearance.